Website Architecture: What It Is + Best Practices

Website architecture refers to the way a website is organized. Also called site structure, it improves your SEO by categorizing and linking content across your website. Learn how to structure your site using real examples that work.

Website architecture is like the blueprint for your website. It helps organize the flow of your site so visitors (and search engines) can navigate easily, resulting in improved SEO performance.

Just how much of an impact can site architecture make?

By integrating proper SEO strategies including website architecture, HawkSEM was able to help Easly increase their brand’s keyword portfolio by 1,500%.

In this article, we’ll cover everything you need to know about site structure, including why it’s important for SEO, how to set it up, and tips from a panel of experts.

What is website architecture?

Website architecture is the way a website organizes its pages and internally links content throughout the site.

It’s also known as site structure since it refers to the way your website is arranged or built.

(Image: HawkSEM)

A key component of technical SEO, website architecture helps search engines understand how each page is connected and improves user experience (UX).

Why site structure is important for SEO

Site structure is important for SEO because it:

1. Provides a better user experience
2. Makes it easier for search engines to crawl and index
3. Improves page authority through internal links
4. Increases value from high-authority backlinks
5. Offers a higher chance of Google sitelinks

1. Provides a better user experience

A site that’s clearly organized is more user-friendly. Better usability means people can find the information or destination they’re looking for, which may make them more likely to complete a conversion.

In contrast, if your site doesn’t match the target audience’s search intent and customers find that your site has limited functionality, they may click away quickly, leading to a higher bounce rate.

Although it isn’t technically a ranking factor, most SEO experts agree that bounce rate is an indicator of a site’s ranking. In other words, a good user experience and low bounce rate can lead to good SEO performance.

2. Makes it easier for search engines to crawl and index

When search engines can understand your site architecture and how web pages relate to one another, they can better grasp the context of your site.

And when search engines like Google correctly understand your site’s content, they can deliver it in response to relevant searches. That means your site is more likely to rank on relevant SERPs.

3. Improves page authority through internal links

Internal linking is the method of hyperlinking one page of your website to another, like this.

Linking relevant information to different pages of your site shows the depth and value of the content you offer, boosting your authority when done right.

That’s why it’s important to be intentional, as internal links tell search engines which pages are related to one another.

If you link to a certain page many times from other pages across your site, you can convey its importance to search engines. This strategy is helpful for establishing pillar pages and topic clusters.

Here’s a real-world example:

Further reading: How Does Internal Linking Help SEO?

4. Increases value from high-authority backlinks

Do you have backlinks from sites with high domain authority?

The most effective way to pass that authority throughout your site is to link from the most important pages with the best backlinks to other related pages.

Further reading: What is Backlinking?

5. Offers a higher chance of Google sitelinks

Not all organic search results are created equal. While most SERPs list a title, description, and URL, some include multiple additional links with relevant context.

For example, a search for Notion lists the workspace tool at the very top of the SERP. But in addition to a link to the tool’s homepage, this listing includes sitelinks leading to a login page, a pricing page, and more.

As a result, the Notion listing takes up much more real estate on the SERP. Since the listing has so many links, it’s more likely that users will see one that reflects what they want to find — leading to more clicks.

It’s important to note that SEO experts can’t set up these sitelinks manually. At least, not exactly. With proper website structure, SEO perks like Google sitelinks appear automatically.

6 website architecture best practices

The optimal SEO structure for websites follows a few key principles. Follow the steps below to map out a site structure that works for your visitors and for search engines.

1. Start with a well-organized navigation menu

A great navigation menu is simple, offering a clear and intuitive way to find the most important pages.

Product or service categories should be prominent in the menu structure, along with your website’s pages that feature elements like your company overview and contact information.

For example, Chewy uses an easy navigation menu to help visitors find what they need efficiently. The “Shop” tab is divided by pet type, while the “Pharmacy” tab lists both pet type and condition.

Although site navigation tends to be relatively static, Chewy also places timely links in the site’s main menu. The “Early Black Friday Deals” link can help shoppers explore deals faster, potentially leading to more sales.

When done well, the navigation menu:

• Improves user experience. With a well-organized navigation menu, they can see how your site is structured and find where to click.
• Reduces crawl depth. Visitors shouldn’t have to click through dozens of service, product, or other landing pages to find what they want. A good menu can save time and reduce clicks.
• Highlights pillar pages. Your navigation bar shouldn’t include every page on your site. Instead, it should link to high-authority pages that act as hubs leading to other important content.

Further reading: Why Website Header and Footer Navigations Matter

2. Set up breadcrumbs

On a website, breadcrumbs display the page path using text links with category-focused anchor text. Visitors can click these links to navigate website categories and see the hierarchical structure of your site.

Breadcrumbs invite visitors to explore other paths through your site and help with your internal linking structure.

For example, Harry & David is a large ecommerce store with countless categories, sub-categories, and products. Breadcrumbs appear throughout the site, making it easier for visitors to find their way.

3. Aim for shallow crawl depth

Crawl depth is the number of clicks it takes to access a piece of content from the homepage.

Website visitors tend to have better experiences when they can access content faster. To set the stage for a better user experience and create a more streamlined site structure, aim for shallow crawl depth.

How many clicks is ideal? As a general rule, requiring visitors to click more than three or four times can lead to a bad experience. You can achieve a shallower crawl depth with a strong internal linking strategy.

4. Develop an internal linking framework

Most high-ranking websites organize pages around content pillars and topic clusters. Think of content pillars as the overviews or authoritative pages on a topic that’s important to your business.

For example, HubSpot’s Instagram marketing pillar page is a comprehensive introduction to the topic that’s packed with valuable content like statistics, step-by-step guides, examples, and walkthroughs.

This content pillar also serves as a hub for the company’s Instagram marketing topic cluster. It has countless internal links to other pages about Instagram and related digital marketing topics.

This setup makes it easier for users to discover useful resources and take the next step toward meeting their goals for visiting the site. It also shows search engines how the site is organized, which can help rankings.

As you map out internal links, avoid creating what’s known as orphan pages. These pages don’t have any internal links directed to them. That makes their role hard to decipher and can limit their ability to rank.

5. Build an optimized URL structure

URL structure is the unique address to each page on your website, which includes a protocol, domain name, and path.

Your URL structure helps search engines understand and rank your website. For the best results consistency is crucial and simpler is almost always better.

In addition to the domain, most URLs include two components:

• A category, which appears directly after the domain
• A slug, which details the topic and reflects keyword research

For example, the URL for the Hubspot Instagram stories guide uses “/marketing/” as the parent page. The slug is “instagram-stories-guide” which concisely captures the topic and includes an SEO keyword.

Depending on the nature of your business, your URL structure may look a little different. For example, Semrush organizes the platform’s features under the “/features/” category.

All blog content displays under the “/blog/” category. Any new pages the site publishes can easily fit into this site hierarchy.

6. Create and upload sitemaps

Once you’ve mapped out clear site architecture and established URL structures across the site, the final step is generating a sitemap. Sitemaps are the list of pages within your website’s domain. There are two types:

• HTML sitemaps are designed for users to navigate.
• XML sitemaps are designed for search engine crawlers to crawl and index.

Use Google’s sitemap best practices to guide the process. Then upload the sitemap to Google Search Console to give the search engine the information it needs to crawl and process your site.

Further reading: Sitemaps: What You Need to Know

Website architecture examples

All sites follow the same basic principles for SEO website structure, no matter the industry. Let’s look at a few examples of good architecture for SEO for different types of businesses.

Roto-Rooter: Local service provider

As an established local service provider with a long list of offerings and a deep catalog of content, Roto-Rooter has a lot of information to organize. Because its site structure is so clear, it’s easy to navigate.

The site’s navigation menu makes common destinations like “Locations” and “Schedule Service” easy to find. It also organizes service pages under pillars like “Plumbing & Drains” and “Water Damage Restoration.”

While many sites use a heading like “Resources” for links to blogs, Roto-Rooter uses the heading “Plumbing How-To.” Here, users can find the company’s blog as well as libraries of videos and infographics.

Moz: Software company

As a software company, Moz takes a slightly different approach. The “Product” heading in the main menu makes it easy for visitors to learn about the company’s software products and assess capabilities quickly.

Although they’re technically also products, the site lists “Free SEO Tools” as a separate menu item. This organization can help site visitors find these popular resources faster, limiting crawl depth.

All Moz product pages use a “moz.com/products/” URL structure. The company’s educational hub uses a “moz.com/learn/” URL structure, and each page has breadcrumbs for easier navigation.

Ulta Beauty: Ecommerce site

As an ecommerce website, Ulta Beauty uses a navigation menu that invites visitors to click “Shop” to see product categories, “Brands” to browse labels, and “Beauty Services” to book appointments.

Although the site’s navigation features hundreds of options, it allows visitors to find what they need with few clicks. Each page includes a logical URL structure and breadcrumbs for better search and user experience.

Search Engine Journal: Media site

As an industry media site, Search Engine Journal organizes news content into pillars or main categories like “SEO” and “Content.” The website also has a “Latest” category page to help visitors find recent news faster.

3 expert tips for SEO site structure

Using the site structure walkthrough and real-life examples above, you can implement website architecture best practices. For more advanced tips and in-depth recommendations, follow this expert advice.

1. Prioritize site structure for larger sites

In an ideal world, all websites would have logical site architecture from the very beginning. If you’re building a new site, using best practices can set the property up for success, both now and as it grows.

If your site is growing rapidly, it’s even more important to check technical SEO factors like site architecture.

“Architecture becomes more important as the overall size and number of pages of the website becomes greater,” says technical SEO expert Joe Robinson.

“For a small site with less than, say, 150-200 pages, it doesn’t have a huge impact…Site architecture becomes increasingly important as the number of pages reaches the thousands or more.”

2. Align SEO tactics with user experience

When mapping out website architecture, avoid optimizing solely for search engines or website visitors. Instead, make sure your SEO efforts create a good user experience.

For best results, focus on functionality. “Website navigation and usability are stricter now with search engine optimization,” says digital marketer and SEO expert Nat Miletec.

“After all, it’s the difference between interacting with the site further and closing a poorly built one, which dictates its ranking on search engines.”

“There’s no shortage of websites that provide the users’ needs online,” Miletec continues. “And nobody wants to waste their time on a site where they don’t know what to do next.”

As such, “navigation and user experience are crucial to search engine optimization. Your site’s internal linking must be logical. It should have keyword-rich anchors that search engines can find with ease.”

3. Maximize findability

Above all, SEO experts recommend ensuring that the structure of your website makes content as easy as possible for visitors to find. In other words, maximize findability across your website to improve organic search rankings.

“The most important factor to consider is how likely it is that someone will find the page when starting from any other page,” says Robinson.

How can you make content easier to find? A well-organized navigation bar with logical sub-topics is certainly a start. A hierarchical link structure with content pillars and topic clusters is also essential.

“No matter how many pages your website has, clicks should lead users to where they expect or want without difficulties, improving user experience and your SEO efforts,” explains Miletec.

“All these affect click-through rates, time spent on the website, and bounce rates that search engine algorithms consider for search engine results pages.”

The takeaway

As a key element of technical SEO, website architecture is critical for both user experience and search engines.

From structuring content and planning internal linking to building URLs and improving navigation, implementing site architecture best practices can have a major impact on your SEO performance.

Curious about next steps? Contact us for a free consultation. Our search marketing experts are here to help you get maximum value from your SEO budget.

This article has been updated and was originally published in August 2021.